Launched by the Government of India, NMSA focuses on enhancing agricultural productivity while ensuring environmental conservation. The mission emphasizes the adoption of climate-resilient techniques, efficient water management, organic farming, and soil health improvement. It encourages farmers to use modern technologies, such as precision farming and integrated nutrient management, to optimize resource utilization and reduce the adverse impacts of climate change on agriculture. NMSA also supports capacity building and financial assistance for farmers to implement sustainable agricultural practices. Programs like soil health management, rainwater harvesting, agroforestry, and carbon sequestration techniques are promoted to improve farm sustainability. By integrating traditional knowledge with scientific innovations, the mission aims to make Indian agriculture more adaptive and resilient to changing climate conditions, ensuring long-term food security and rural livelihood enhancement.

It aims to conserve and develop indigenous cattle breeds across India to enhance their productivity and ensure sustainable dairy farming. The mission focuses on genetic improvement, setting up Gokul Grams (integrated cattle development centers), and promoting artificial insemination and embryo transfer technologies to strengthen the indigenous cattle population. By improving breed quality and promoting indigenous cows, RGM helps boost milk production, farmer income, and rural economy, while preserving India's rich bovine heritage. The scheme also supports cow sanctuaries (Gaushalas), fodder management, and health care services to improve cattle well-being. Through RGM, the government ensures that indigenous breeds like Gir, Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, and Tharparkar continue to thrive, contributing to a self-sufficient and sustainable dairy sector in India

With an investment of ₹20,050 crore, the scheme aims to double fishers' income, generate employment, and enhance exports while ensuring ecological balance and biodiversity conservation. PMMSY focuses on infrastructure development, including modern fishing harbors, cold storage, and fish processing units. It also promotes aquaculture, marine and inland fisheries, and advanced technology adoption for higher productivity. By supporting fishers, fish farmers, and entrepreneurs, the scheme strengthens India’s Blue Economy, contributing to food security, economic growth, and rural development.